In northern Australia, some melioidosis outbreaks caused by the environmental pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei have been linked to un-chlorinated water supplies. Many households in rural northern Australia are supplied with bore water, a deep well that taps into an underlying aquifer. Previous sampling efforts have shown that a third of these bores are persistently positive for B. pseudomallei. For my PhD project, I aimed to definitely identify the point source of a melioidosis outbreak at a rural property supplied with bore water, and subsequently, to test remediation measures that reduced bacterial burden in the water supply. Extensive environmental sampling was undertaken at the site from multiple locations within the water supply and from soil. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and subsequently next-generation whole genome sequencing (WGS) revealed that the clinical B. pseudomallei strains were closely related to environmental strains found in the property’s water supply but not to those found in the soil, or from other bores in the region. Using WGS, only one single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) separated both patient isolates from the most closely related environmental strain. In comparison, an unrelated isolate with an identical MLST profile differed by 52 SNPs on the whole-genome level, indicating that this isolate was not implicated in the outbreak. A UV treatment system was installed to treat the bore water, and using real-time PCR I confirmed that B. pseudomallei was eliminated from the water supply. My study is the first to definitively link B. pseudomallei infection with a known environmental source (“source attribution”) using WGS. Further, my project has shown that installation of a UV treatment system is a highly effective measure for remediating B. pseudomallei- contaminated water supplies. My findings have implications for bioremediation of B. pseudomallei, and set a benchmark for further source attribution studies involving this potentially deadly pathogen.