Oral Presentation Australian Society for Microbiology Annual Scientific Meeting 2014

Plasmodium Falciparum Exosomes Contain Nuclear and Organellar DNA (#130)

Matthew A Pimentel 1 , Xavier Sisquella 1 , Neta Regev-Rudzki 1 , Alan Cowman 1
  1. Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia

The parasite Plasmodium falciparum is the causative agent of malaria, and kills more than 1 million people annually. Recent studies have shown that P. falciparum infected red blood cells can communicate in a population using exosome-like vesicles, however little is known about the content and function of these vesicles. Here we use a combination of DNA methodologies including PCR, Illumina sequencing, and fluorescence microscopy to examine the nucleic acid content of P. falciparum exosomes. Notably, we report for the first time the presence of various nuclear genes in parasite exosomes.  Remarkably, parasite exosomes were found to contain organellar DNA from both the apicoplast and mitochondria. Moreover, we demonstrate that P. falciparum exosomes stained with the nucleic acid-specific dye, DAPI, can deliver their DNA content to naïve parasite infected red blood cells. Additionally, DAPI stained vesicles were found to colocalize with histone proteins. Future studies are aimed at establishing the role for DNA transfer to parasite-infected red blood cells and at elucidating potential roles in modulating host-parasite interactions.